Russia’s Growing Role in the Syrian Crisis

Syrian president Bashar al-Assad conducted an official visit to Russia on October 20, his first international trip since the civil war began in 2011. Since then, the Kremlin has joined the Russian military in expanding its diplomatic role in the conflict. Russian president Vladimir Putin spoke on behalf of the Syrian president, saying that Assad wished to work with the rebel groups to fight the group known as the Islamic State (IS). On October 23, during a meeting with Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and the United States to discuss the political future of Syria, Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov declared that Russia and Jordan would coordinate their anti-terrorism military effort in Syria. Lavrov detailed Russia’s aims for the future of Syrian politics, explaining that Russia wishes to see Syria elect its own leader, whether it be Assad or a member of a rebel group, absent outside intervention. In a departure from Russia’s continued support for Assad, Lavrov claimed that the Kremlin would also assist rebel groups.

Meanwhile, Russia’s military intervention in Syria has continued. Since it began on September 30, Russia’s airstrike campaign has had disputed intentions. While the Kremlin claims that they have been targeting IS, the current Western coalition claims that the strikes have hit Syrian rebel groups and civilians. The latest iteration occurred on October 20 when Russian airstrikes killed a rebel leader along with four fighters. It is unclear  how Russia’s role in the conflict will shape the dynamic moving forward, especially with  countries claiming  that Russia has harmed the fight against IS targets.